A NOVA REGRA DE CÁLCULO DO ICMS E O COMBATE À INFLAÇÃO DOS COMBUSTÍVEIS
Apesar dos desafios enfrentados em 2021 resultantes de mais uma ano de pandemia, a inflação tem se mostrado o maior desafio a ser debelado nos últimos tempos.
O aumento dos preços internacionais de uma série de commodities – soja, milho, petróleo, carnes, açúcar – a expectativa é de que encerremos 2021 com uma das maiores inflações dos últimos tempos.
Em 12 meses as commodities tiveram seus preços ajustados em 60% na arena internacional e no Brasil já estamos nos acostumando com os aumentos semanais da gasolina, etanol e gás.
Esse cenário é assustador quando lembramos os velhos tempos de remarcações diárias dos preços. Apesar das dificuldades enfrentadas no campo da oferta – crise hídrica, fechamento de várias fábricas devido as medidas de isolamento e distanciamento social para conter a disseminação do vírus- a economia vive situações de choques de oferta “localizados”.
Afim de conter os ajustes semanais nos preços dos combustíveis, essa semana o congresso delineou uma estratégia de reajustes futuros nos preços dos combustíveis. Assim como é definido um valor , R$ 0,98/litro para a cobrança do PIS/COFINS, o mesmo ocorrerá para a cobrança do ICMS. Atualmente a cobrança do ICMS ocorre sobre o preço da gasolina ( 25% a 34%) e do diesel (12% e 25%), esse preço de referência é calculado a cada 15 dias.
A nova regra institui que o ICMS será um valor nominal por litro vendidos e não mais um percentual. Essa medida impactará em uma perda de arrecadação da ordem de R$ 24 bilhões aos cofres estaduais.
Esse valor terá um teto, que será definido com base na média cobrada por litro durante os dois anos anteriores – nos primeiros 12 meses, a média será dada pelos preços de 2019 e 2020.
O efeito final nos preços será uma redução média de 8% para gasolina, 7% etanol e 3,7% no diesel.
A nova regra de cálculo será apreciada pelas Assembleias Legislativas dos estados. O momento é de cautela haja visto que tem implicações fiscais para os estados.
Em um momento atual em que vivenciamos o avanço das mazelas sociais – desemprego, elevação nos preços dos combustíveis, crise hídrica- a adoção ainda que seja temporária de tal medida vem em momento certo amenizando os impactos negativos da situação atual.
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