A AGENDA CLIMÁTICA PEDE URGÊNCIA
Em 2021, a reunião para discutir o futuro do planeta e as questões climáticas em Glasgow marcou a consolidação de novos acordos e promessas que visem arrefecer as emissões de gases de efeito estufa.
A COP 26 endossa a necessidade de regulamentar sob a forma de um acordo político geral com os países, a sociedade, o setor privado a importância em adequar-se a uma nova realidade climática que requer investimentos em tecnologias que promovam uma redução das emissões desses gases (GEE).
O acordo assinado parte da métrica de reduzir em 1,5oC nessa década a temperatura global do planeta. Essa meta se alcança com o ajuste das cadeias produtivas locais, revisão da matriz energética com o aumento da participação das fontes renováveis e adoção de medidas poupadoras de consumo de energia. Trata-se efetivamente do processo de descarbonização na íntegra. O princípio ativo de alcançar essa meta ocorre com a redução das metas de emissões de gases de efeito estufa.
Na ocasião, foram assinadas declarações voluntárias vinculadas a diferentes tópicos: florestas, metano, inovação tecnológica, carvão. O Brasil como sendo um dos países que ocupam posição de destaque no segmento da agricultura, a discussão desses tópicos é de exterma relevância. O país possui um dos maiores rebanhos bovinos do mundo e as emissões de gás metano são consideráveis. O gás metano tem um impacto poluidor na atmosfera 80 vezes comparativamente ao CO2.
A reunião em Glasgow teve momentos emblemáticos marcados por assinatura de acordos bilaterais como foi o caso dos Estados Unidos e China. Foi firmado um acordo de redução de uso de carvão na matriz produtiva e energética de ambos os países. A Índia por sua vez não consegue cumprir essa “promessa” haja visto que um contingente grande da população utiliza esse insumo para aquecer seus lares e para cozinhar. Cerca de 700 milhões de habitantes dependem não somente de carvão como outros insumos energéticos (esterco, resíduos de madeira, etc). A promessa indiana em reduzir o uso ficou para 2070.
As ações para mitigar as mudanças climáticas em curso são urgentes. É necessário adotar estratégias no momento atual de tal modo que gerem efeitos no nível de emissões nas próximas décadas. O Brasil, apesar de detentor de uma das matrizes energéticas mais limpas do planeta, o desmatamento da Amazônia foi tema discutido em Glasgow.
É necessário que o país endosse tal urgência e atue como tal. O Plano Decenal de Energia 2050, precisa prevê essa demanda de transição energética e a adequação nas cadeias produtivas são essenciais para que não fiquemos fora desse movimento de descarbonização.
Temos uma extensa frota de veículos que transportam carga em todo o país, é importante traçar um plano de longo prazo que atraia investimentos para a redução das emissões do setor de transporte, responsáveis por 1/3 da emissão de gases no país.
É importante discutir com a sociedade e com os agentes envolvidos os próximos passos de tal modo que o Brasil não perca o bonde de mudanças que já estão em curso nos Estados Unidos, Europa, China e demais países. A agenda climática é para ontem. A descarbonização dos processos produtivos é urgente, as mudanças climáticas no planeta estão aí e o meio ambiente está respondendo a altura os efeitos perversos das ações do homem no cotidiano.
A agenda climática pede urgência e é preciso agir. Avante Brasil !!!!
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