Desemprego recua em julho, mas número de desalentados bate novo recorde
A taxa de desemprego no país ficou em 12,3% no trimestre encerrado em julho, divulgou o IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística) nesta quinta-feira (30).
O desemprego veio abaixo do verificado no trimestre encerrado em abril, quando esteve em 12,9%, e do mesmo período de 2017 (12,8%), segundo a Pnad Contínua, pesquisa que contabiliza trabalho formal e informal no país.
O mercado, porém, continua fortemente marcado pela desistência dos trabalhadores em procurar uma recolocação, dado que o contingente de pessoas que desistiram de buscar uma colocação -o chamado desalento- somava 4,818 milhões no período, número recorde para a pesquisa iniciada em 2012. “O desemprego vem caindo no Brasil por conta do desalento, principalmente neste ano de 2018″, afirmou o coordenador do pesquisa, Cimar Azeredo.
Esse crescimento do desalento ajuda a empurrar para baixo o contingente de desocupados –desempregados que estão em busca de recolocação-, que atingiu 12,9 milhões no país, queda de 4,1% na comparação com o trimestre imediatamente anterior, encerrado em abril, quando 13,4 milhões estavam sem emprego.
Também permanece a degradação do emprego formal. Nos três meses até julho eram 32,981 milhões de pessoas com carteira assinada no setor privado no Brasil, queda de 1,1% sobre o ano anterior. Sobre o trimestre encerrado em abril houve ligeiro avanço, de 0,8%, insuficiente para frear o avanço da informalidade. O emprego sem carteira no setor privado aumentou 3,4% em relação ao ano anterior, com 11,094 milhões de trabalhadores, e 1,7% sobre os três meses imediatamente anteriores.
Embora o aumento da informalidade contribua para a melhora do indicador oficial, o tipo de trabalho encontrado não é amparado pelas leis trabalhistas, requer menor qualificação e geralmente paga menos. O total de trabalhadores subocupados por insuficiência de horas trabalhadas também cresceu, chegando quase 6,569 milhões, o maior desde o trimestre encerrado em abril de 2012. Estão nesse contingente aqueles que estão ocupados, mas que trabalham menos horas do que gostariam.
Outro recorde negativo é o da força de trabalho potencial, formada por pessoas que procuraram trabalho, mas não estavam disponíveis para trabalhar na semana da pesquisa, e aquelas que estavam disponíveis, mas não realizaram busca efetiva por emprego no período.
Estavam nessa situação 8,118 milhões de pessoas. Somando-se essa população, os desocupados e os subocupados, faltava trabalho para 27,555 milhões em julho, também número recorde. Apesar das oscilações da taxa de desemprego, a renda real média do trabalhador permanece estável. No trimestre terminado em julho, a renda esteve em R$ 2.205, em linha com o observado no trimestre imediatamente anterior (R$ 2.215) e também frente ao verificado em igual período do ano passado (R$ 2.188).
Fonte: Folha PE
Foto: Divulgação
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