A História da Educação e do Ensino. Episódio de hoje: O Ensino, a educação e o ser humano primitivo (Parte 1).
Direto de Brasília-DF.
O Professor Thomas Ransom Giles diz que o processo de educação objetiva integrar a pessoa no contexto das tradições e também no sócio-cultural.
Soa bem tal afirmativa quando o leitor consegue fazer diferença entre o processo de ensino e o processo educativo. Este contém aquele porque neste as famílias, o Estado e a Sociedade são partners ou sócios no empreendimento de elevar o bebê, de mera existência humana a um ser pensante com funções sociais e econômicas contributivas ao modus vivendis de uma sociedade nacional e até internacional.
Desde o surgimento da geração “Y” (também chamada de geração do milênio ou millenialls)o mundo da informação globalizada vem criando pessoas para as quais não há mais divisas ou fronteiras.
O homem “Internético”ou telemático recebeu da ciência e tecnologia da informação, a chance de se tornar multidisciplinar e de se “teletransportar” para múltiplos espaços e tempos sem sair do lugar, e por isto, possível dizer que apesar de ao alcance de poucos, a rede mundial de computadores é a tão sonhada máquina do tempo que sempre desejamos construir.
Portanto, dizer que o processo de educação objetiva integrar a pessoa em determinados contextos, tais como tradições e contexto sócio-cultural é ineficaz, se não dilatarmos “contexto” para a vida no Planeta Terra desde os tempos primitivos até àqueles que virão, quando nenhum de nós que agora lê este artigo aqui estará.
É certo dizer que quanto mais acesso à rede mundial de computadores uma Nação possui, mais perto está de ser sócio-economicamente classificada como, em desenvolvimento ou desenvolvida.
Mas, é certo também que a maior parte da população mundial que possui alcance não é influenciadora científica ou tecnológica. Esta parcela frequenta mais sítios de entretenimento, em geral, que páginas de conhecimento acadêmico, científico e tecnológico. Não é contraditório isto? Todos queremos progredir, melhorar de status e de condição sócio-econômica e quase todos sabemos a fórmula, mas somente uma ínfima minoria está disposta a pagar o preço exigido pela História
Nesse contexto, insisto em fazer distinção em processo de educação e processo de ensino. Como agentes de educação incluo famílias, Estado e Sociedade e, como agente do processo de ensino incluo Escolas de todos os graus de ensino e os profissionais que nelas trabalham. Por óbvio que quem educa também ensina, mas não é obrigação de quem ensina, educar.
Na função de quem ensina, educar é ação reflexa, acessória e não principal. Como exemplo do que acabamos de dizer podemos tomar inúmeros cursos de capacitação e treinamento que são ministrados, tais como preparatórios para concursos e graduações em faculdades diversas. Um professor destas duas modalidades, por exemplo, vai para a sala de aula ministrar um conteúdo acadêmico com o fim de ensinar e não com o fim de educar na modalidade de orientar conduta e esculpir caráter em aluno. Tal fase é considerada já ultrapassada por Professores e alunos. O que impera nesta fase adulta é o acúmulo do conhecimento acadêmico capaz de suprir os desejos do Mercado de Trabalho.
Lembremo-nos que no Ensino fundamental e médio o conhecimento tem a finalidade de alimentar o cérebro, de orientar conduta e formar caráter. Isto não significa dizer que em uma graduação ou pós-graduação em sentido amplo ou estrito não haja qualquer propósito educativo. Claro que há! Afinal, para quem está aberto a se deixar educar este é um processo contínuo que abrange a vida em todos os momentos e lugares.
Todavia, um Professor de faculdade e de inúmeras outras agências de transmissão de ensino acadêmico, não tem qualquer preocupação com orientação de conduta e/ou formação de caráter. É por isto que em algumas faculdades e universidades os alunos “matam” aula e optam por fumar maconha e/ou beber cerveja no bar da esquina ou mesmo nos porões da universidade e o Professor não está nem aí. Por que isto acontece?
Porque para o Professor de centros de ensino acadêmico, para as famílias dos alunos, para a Sociedade e para o Estado acredita-se que seu caráter já esteja formado e que o novo adulto já tomou conhecimento das regras principais que regem a vida em sociedade, aí incluindo os principais direitos e deveres de boa convivência.
Por óbvio que isto não se dá com as escolas de nível fundamental e médio. Nestas, crianças e adolescentes por mais que não aceitem, não possuem corpo e alma devidamente formados. Por mais que já se sintam “reis e rainhas do mundo”, são alunos carentes de alimento para o cérebro, de orientação quanto às normas de conduta a seguir e de ensino que lhes molde o caráter, a fim de se tornarem cidadãos e profissionais que atendam os anseios do Mercado de Trabalho e pessoas que contribuam com o desenvolvimento social e econômico de um país.
A jornada do homem primitivo até o homem de nossos dias exigiu, exige e exigirá que siga adaptando-se e nisto parece ter razão Thomas Hobbes e Charles Robert Darwin ao ensinarem que a sobrevivência nem sempre é do mais forte e sim do que melhor se adapta.
Até breve 🙂
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